Steelhead fishing

Steelhead fishing can be a challenge for many people because of the size and behavior of the fish. Steelhead are a type of rainbow trout that are very similar to salmon. They can grow to be very large and often put up a fight when caught on a line. However, with a little bit of background and the right equipment anyone can successfully catch steelhead.

Steelhead are commonly found in streams, rivers and sometimes creeks. They migrate out of the ocean when the weather gets warmer in order to spawn and feed. They can be found in fresh and saltwater. The best time to catch them is before they start spawning. In the northeast this would be early spring time since the steelhead are leaving the oceans and entering streams to feed. The distinctive red or pink line that runs along the lateral line will be apparent when they are ready to spawn. Once they start spawning they are focused on other things besides just feeding and they tend to keep moving further and further upstream. They can, however, be found throughout the year but depending on the season you would need to change techniques in order to catch them.

The best time of day to catch them also depends on the season. During the normal fishing season early or late in the day is best because the water is just warm enough for them to come out and feed. The middle of the day in the spring and summer will often be too hot and there will be too much commotion for them to come around. In colder climates and during winter it would be best to fish during the middle of the day when the water will be warmest.

The most common technique used to catch steelhead is drift fishing. Drift fishing involves casting the line out and letting it drift with the current. For this reason drift fishing needs to be done in water where movement is present, preferably upstream movement. With this technique you must learn to pay attention to the tiniest nibble as steelhead are known to grab the bait and leave or only bite gently once or twice and leave. As always, be aware of your scent. Any scent too strong will keep them away. As well, you want to try and stand either knee deep in the water or out of sight as much as possible because steelhead swim above the water line making it easier for them to spot fishermen.

As far as equipment a drift rod or a bobber rod in the range of 8-9 feet in length with 8-20 pound line weight is often best. Generally an all-purpose casting rod will work just fine. However, steelhead just like salmon can be known to fight so a decent rod and reel are essential. In terms of bait, steelhead are known to feed on sand-lance and smelt as well as lures such as plastic worms in a variety of colors. You can also use nightcrawlers and salmon or trout egg sacs (aka “roe bags”). People have also been known to use pulling plugs, jigs and rags but this would entail a different fishing technique. Lastly, if using a sinker set it a little deeper. About 17-18 inches above the hook is often best.